{"id":3068,"date":"2009-02-16T01:29:00","date_gmt":"2009-02-16T01:29:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2022-09-17T13:31:54","modified_gmt":"2022-09-17T13:31:54","slug":"fuerte-de-colcura","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fraczinet.cl\/sitio\/2009\/02\/16\/fuerte-de-colcura\/","title":{"rendered":"Fuerte de Colcura"},"content":{"rendered":"

Monumento Hist\u00f3rico.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

\"\"El Fuerte de Colcura fue una construcci\u00f3n defensiva edificada por el Imperio Espa\u00f1ol en la costa del oc\u00e9ano Pac\u00edfico, al sur del rio Bio B\u00edo; actualmente en la localidad de Colcura, en la VIII Regi\u00f3n del Bio B\u00edo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Estrat\u00e9gicamente situado a mitad de camino entre San Pedro y Arauco, fue fundado por orden del gobernador Alonso de Rivera en el a\u00f1o 1602 con el t\u00edtulo de San Miguel Arc\u00e1ngel. Sujeto a las vicisitudes propias de este tipo de construcciones durante la Guerra de Arauco, fue abandonado en diversas ocasiones, siendo refundado por el gobernador \u00c1ngel de Peredo en el a\u00f1o 1662, con una poblaci\u00f3n anexa y t\u00edtulo de Villa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ubicado en la costa en una loma de cien varas cuadradas, no proteg\u00eda terrenos de consecuencia. Un plano del a\u00f1o 1758 lo describe en mal estado y lo muestra defendido naturalmente por barrancas, con s\u00f3lo un frente construido con una cortina encorvada. Ten\u00eda \u00e9sta un baluarte en su parte media, y dos medios baluartes en sus extremos, todo ello protegido por un foso. Ubicada entre dos caletas, el plano indica que en la del sur se encontraba el fuerte antiguo. Sus construcciones se desplegaban paralelamente a la cortina, y comprend\u00edan iglesia, casa del comandante, cuerpo de guardia, calabozo, viviendas, cuarteles, casa para el cura y almac\u00e9n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan describe Gabriel Guarda en su \u0093Flandes Indiano: Fortificaciones del Reino de Chile 1541-1826\u0094, se habr\u00edan realizado reparaciones sobre estas instalaciones en los a\u00f1os 1779 y 1785; no obstante, se habr\u00eda considerado demasiado grande el recinto para su corta guarnici\u00f3n, que adem\u00e1s no contaba ni con agua ni con tierras para su cultivo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Los planos posteriores muestran la realizaci\u00f3n de una intervenci\u00f3n a fondo sobre el Fuerte, pues no guardan relaci\u00f3n con su disposici\u00f3n anterior. La nueva versi\u00f3n muestra un dise\u00f1o en forma de tri\u00e1ngulo equil\u00e1tero, en dos de cuyos lados fueron situados sendos baluartes en dos \u00e1ngulos salientes. En el tercer lado, ocupado por el lienzo poniente, fue ubicado un baluarte doble en forma de W. Sobre esta construcci\u00f3n se habr\u00edan realizado intervenciones en los a\u00f1os 1779, 1797, 1800, 1803 y 1810.<\/span><\/p>\n

El fuerte de Colcura fue declarado Monumento Hist\u00f3rico en el a\u00f1o 1977. En la actualidad se encuentran en su lugar ca\u00f1ones originales de la \u00e9poca.<\/span><\/p>\n

Referencias:
Gabriel Guarda. Flandes Indiano: Las fortificaciones del Reino de Chile. 1541-1826. Ediciones Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile. Santiago, 1990.<\/span><\/p>\n

Decreto 803 (1977)<\/span><\/p>\n

Direcci\u00f3n: Bajada norte de Cuesta Villagr\u00e1n, Lota.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Monumento Hist\u00f3rico.\u00a0 \u00a0 El Fuerte de Colcura fue una construcci\u00f3n defensiva edificada por el Imperio Espa\u00f1ol en la costa del oc\u00e9ano Pac\u00edfico, al sur del rio Bio B\u00edo; actualmente en la localidad de Colcura, en la VIII Regi\u00f3n del Bio B\u00edo. Estrat\u00e9gicamente situado a mitad de camino entre San Pedro y Arauco, fue fundado por […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12705,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,10,74,26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3068","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fuertes-espanoles","category-historia","category-lota","category-monumentos"],"yoast_head":"\nFuerte de Colcura - Nuestro Bio B\u00edo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fraczinet.cl\/sitio\/2009\/02\/16\/fuerte-de-colcura\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Fuerte de Colcura - Nuestro Bio B\u00edo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Monumento Hist\u00f3rico.\u00a0 \u00a0 El Fuerte de Colcura fue una construcci\u00f3n defensiva edificada por el Imperio Espa\u00f1ol en la costa del oc\u00e9ano Pac\u00edfico, al sur del rio Bio B\u00edo; actualmente en la localidad de Colcura, en la VIII Regi\u00f3n del Bio B\u00edo. 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